The one-horned rhinoceros is majorly found in which states of India?

The correct answer is Assam and West Bengal . Key Points One-horned rhinoceros , also known as the Indian rhinoceros , is primarily found in the Indian states of Assam and West Bengal . The Kaziranga National Park in Assam is home to the highest population of the one-horned rhinoceros in the world, accounting for over 2,400 rhinos as per the latest census. In West Bengal , the Jaldapara National Park and Gorumara National Park are major habitats for the one-horned rhinoceros. This species is classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List , with conservation efforts being actively undertaken in these regions to protect their population. The one-horned rhinoceros is a grazer that thrives in floodplain grasslands, swamps, and forests , ecosystems predominantly found in Assam and parts of West Bengal. Additional Information Characteristics of the One-Horned Rhinoceros: The one-horned rhinoceros ( Rhinoceros unicornis ) is one of the largest land mammals, weighing between 1,800 to 2,500 kg . It is characterized by a single black horn made of keratin, which can grow up to 25 inches in length. Their thick, greyish-brown skin has a unique appearance resembling armor plates due to skin folds. Conservation Efforts: Conservation programs such as Project Rhino and translocation initiatives have been implemented in Assam and West Bengal to protect this species. The Indian Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 , lists the one-horned rhinoceros under Schedule I , providing it the highest level of protection. International efforts, including collaboration with WWF , have focused on habitat preservation and anti-poaching measures. Habitat in Assam: Assam has several protected areas such as Kaziranga National Park , Manas National Park , and Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary , which serve as critical habitats for rhinos. Kaziranga National Park alone accounts for more than 70% of the global population of the one-horned rhinoceros. Habitat in West Bengal: In West Bengal, the Terai region (foothills of the Himalayas) provides suitable conditions for the survival of this species. Both Jaldapara and Gorumara National Parks are known for their conservation efforts and sustainable tourism practices benefiting rhino populations. Threats and Challenges: Poaching for their horns, which are believed to have medicinal properties in traditional practices, remains a significant threat despite strict laws. Habitat loss due to deforestation and agricultural expansion has reduced the range of the species significantly. Natural disasters like floods in Assam often affect rhino populations, as these areas are prone to seasonal flooding. Important Points IUCN Red List Status: The one-horned rhinoceros is classified as Vulnerable , indicating that it faces a high risk of extinction in the wild. Population Statistics: As per the 2022 census , the population of rhinos in Kaziranga National Park has increased to approximately 2,613 individuals . Global Distribution: Apart from India, a small population of the one-horned rhinoceros is found in Nepal , primarily in the Chitwan National Park . Significance: The species plays a critical role in maintaining the ecological balance of grassland and wetland ecosystems. Tourism: Protected areas like Kaziranga and Jaldapara are popular tourist attractions, contributing to local economies and raising awareness about rhino conservation.