In which of the following States the segment of population, which is in majority, enjoys the benefit of reservation of seats in the State Assembly ?

Key Points Reserved constituencies are constituencies in which seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes and Tribes based on the size of their population. The tribes and people of the northeastern states - Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, and Tripura - are some of the groups which collectively enjoyed the privileges of such protective discrimination as envisaged by the Indian Constitution. The Sixth Schedule, also known as a constitution within the Constitution, allows Autonomous District Councils (ADCs) to make laws forbidding outsiders from buying tribal land, restricts entry and trade by outsiders, and protects the people’s customs and therefore, their identity. In fact, given the failure of the Fifth Schedule to protect the Central Indian tribes and their lands, many Adivasi movements are looking towards the Sixth Schedule which has more powers, particularly legislative, as an alternative. In the latest figure given by the Government of India as mentioned in its 125th Amendment Bill seeking to amend the Sixth Schedule, it is said that approximately one crore or 10 million people live under the umbrella of the Sixth Schedule in 10 ADC areas in the region spread across Meghalaya, Mizoram, Assam, and Tripura. Added to the provisions of the Sixth Schedule are the Articles 371A for Nagaland and Article 371G for Mizoram, which endows them with special powers to reject any new Acts of Parliament unless accepted through a resolution passed by the state’s Legislative Assembly, and protect the ownership of their land, customs and religion. One of the foundations of Autonomy in Mizoram, Nagaland, and Arunachal Pradesh is the application of the Inner Line Permit Regime under the Bengal Eastern Frontier Regulation of 1873, by which citizens from the other parts of India have to take permits to enter these states to check influx. Outsiders cannot buy land in the Sixth Schedule and other tribal areas such as in the hills of Manipur. All these different types of special status were not conferred as a gift to the tribes and the other struggling communities but were the result of tough debates and negotiations by the leaders of the tribes at the time of the creation of the Indian nation in the Constituent Assembly - side by side with much struggle and bloodshed outside of the constitutional arenas. The debates in the Constituent Assembly were intense between those who wanted an assimilative Constitution and the other side who talked about special protection for the tiny populations of diverse peoples to allow them space to live and grow as the people they are. On the other hand, corresponding to what was happening at the top, in the field there were equally intense debates within the tribes and communities, divided between those who wanted to take their chances with the Indian Union provided there were safeguards and those who were all for striking out on their own or as crown colonies. Since Meghalaya and Mizoram are the States the segment of the population, which is in majority, enjoys the benefit of reservation of seats in the State Assembly Therefore Option 1 is the correct answer.